The following is a list of the publically available documents from the CfPC Publication Series.
The CfPC Publication Series is in preparation, therefore, the list given below is only temporary.
The link from Document Number will bring you to the full document, stored as a PDF file, or as a Word
file.
CfPC-2004-PB-67
|
Towards an Operational Framework for Architectural Prototyping |
Author |
Henrik Bærbak Christensen |
| Summary |
In this paper we present a case study of using architectural prototyping to explore an architectural design space. the case study will be treated as a data point representing one way of using architectural prototypes. Based on an analysis of the processes involved we present a first, tentative, framework that describes key concepts and their relationships. |
CfPC-2004-PB-66
|
Interwoven Artifacts – Coordinating Distributed
Collaboration in Medical Care |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram and Claus Bossen |
| Summary |
In this article we focus on the affordances of a web of
nonelectronic artifacts, and the different and partly overlapping roles
and functionalities that characterizes this web of artifacts. We argue
that an analysis of these affordances and the web of artifacts can
be a resource for design, because they are evidence of some of the capabilities
that are difficult to capture in software engineering and which are important for cooperative work. The affordances and
multiple roles and functionalities of a web of artifacts, are especially
informative for design in the light of pervasive computing, which
envisions a plethora of interactive artifacts embedded in our daily environment. |
CfPC-2004-PB-65
|
Activity-Driven Computing Infrastructure–Pervasive
Computing in Healthcare |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram, Henrik Bærbak Christensen and Anders K. Olsen |
| Summary |
In many work settings, and especially in healthcare, work
is distributed
among many cooperating actors, who are constantly moving around and are
frequently
interrupted. In line with other researchers, we use the term pervasive
computing to describe a computing infrastructure that supports work where
users
access a dynamic range of computing and software devices, where users can
shift
between devices, and where users move around while preserving their working
environment. This paper describes our design of a pervasive activity-driven
computing
infrastructure. The main tenet in this approach is to preserve a user’s
computational
working context enabling him to shift between different devices while
on the move and enabling him to interrupt and return to work-activities
fluently.
Furthermore, the infrastructure contains agents that propose new activities
based
on the user’s current context. This activity-driven computing infrastructure
has
been designed and developed in close cooperation with a large Danish hospital
and is being evaluated in a hospital setting. |
CfPC-2004-PB-64
|
Open Issues in Activity-Based and Task-Level
Computing |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram and Henrik Bærbak Christensen |
| Summary |
The prevailing computer paradigms do a poor job at meeting
their
human users at their level of abstractions. Humans organize work and leisure
in more or less well defined tasks and activities. Computers organize computing
in terms of applications, files, networks, etc. This abstraction gap becomes
a
big problem in situations characterized by mobility, frequent interruptions,
and collaboration—situations that pervasive computing is intended
to support. A new
paradigm, task-level or activity-based computing, has been proposed to
lessen
the abstraction gap and provide a better platform for pervasive computing.
In his
paper, we highlight some of the open issues that remain to be addressed
in this
paradigm. |
CfPC-2004-PB-63
|
Supporting Pervasive Collaboration in Healthcare — An
ActivityDriven
Computing Infrastructure |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram and Henrik Bærbak Christensen |
| Summary |
Clinical work in modern hospitals is characterized by a
high
degree of mobility, frequent interruptions, and much ad hoc
collaboration between colleagues with different expertise.
Electronic patient record systems are typically build upon
the classic client-server architectural style that has evolved
to support office work that do not have these properties. In
this paper, we describe clinical work and compare it with
office work. This analysis leads to the conclusion that the
mobile, interrupted, and ad hoc collaborative nature of clinical
work is poorly supported by traditional client-server architectures
and we propose an activity-driven computing infrastructure
as an alternative. We outline our prototype design;
argue how it supports clinical work and present initial
results from testing the architecture in workshops with clinicians
from Aarhus county hospital. |
CfPC-2004-PB-62
|
Real-Time Collaboration in Activity Based Architectures |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram and Henrik Bærbak Christensen |
| Summary |
With the growing research into mobile and ubiquitous
computing, there is a need for addressing how such infrastructures
can support collaboration between users while removed
from the desktop. In this paper, we present the principles
of Activity Based Computing (ABC), focusing on its
support for collaboration in a ubiquitous computing environment.
We discuss how this activity-centered design principle
establish a conceptual and software architectural basis
for session management in real-time, synchronous collaboration.
We present the architecture of the ABC Framework,
which is an implementation of these principles and
discuss how collaboration support is made as part of the
activity-centered architecture. We also discuss the need for
more fine-grained state management policies in ubiquitous
collaborative systems. |
CfPC-2004-PB-61
|
The Java Context Awareness Framework (JCAF) – A
Service Infrastructure and Programming Framework
for Context-Aware Applications |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram |
| Summary |
Context-awareness is a key concept in ubiquitous computing.
But to
avoid developing dedicated context-awareness sub-systems for specific application
areas there is a need for more generic programming frameworks. Such frameworks
can help the programmer to develop and deploy context-aware applications
faster. This paper describes the Java Context-Awareness Framework – JCAF,
which is a Java-based context-awareness infrastructure and programming
API
for creating context-aware computer applications. The paper presents the
design
principles behind JCAF, its runtime architecture, and its programming API.
The
paper presents some applications of using JCAF in three different applications
and discusses lessons learned from using JCAF. |
CfPC-2004-PB-60
|
Proceedings of
First International Workshop on
Computer Support for Human Tasks and Activities |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram, Henrik Bærbak Christensen, David Garlan and Joäo Sousa |
| Summary |
This report contains the proceedings of the 2004 workshop
on Computer Support for
Human Tasks and Activities. All papers submitted to the workshop have been
reviewed by two members of the Program Committee as well as by the workshop
organizers.
The workshop aims at exploring issues related to improving the computational
support for human tasks and activities, with a special focus on infrastructures,
software architectures, models of user tasks, and on the challenges associated
with
designing and implementing those.
The goals of this workshop are the following:
- To build a network of researchers and practitioners working
on aspects of
task/activity-based computing
- To create awareness about ongoing research and to identify
commonalities
- To foster collaboration among participants
|
CfPC-2004-PB-59
|
Architecture Presentations:
Experiences from Pervasive Computing Projects at
Computer Science Department,
University of Aarhus |
|
Author
|
Henrik Bærbak Christensen, Klaus Marius Hansen, Ulrik Pagh Schultz, Peter Ørbæk, Niels Oluf Bouvin |
| Summary |
This report describes architectures and experiences with
building these
from a number of projects related to pervasive computing that have run
with participants from Department of Computer Science, University of
Aarhus over the last couple of years. The architectures were presented
at a presentation day on 7th January 2004.
The main purpose of the presentation day and this document
is to serve as referential basis for the work going into defining and
researching
architectures for palpable computing as described primarily by the
work
package 2 in the Description of Work for the PalCom EU project
(http://www.palcom.dk). Software architectures are described and
discussed as the primary benefits and liabilities of the architectures
as well as the processes that lead to them are presented. |
CfPC-2004-PB-58
|
Hopper’s Home and Hopper’s Hospital – Usability
Laboratories for Home Care |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram and Simon B. Larsen |
| Summary |
Usability labs have become a widespread tool in HCI research
and practice, used in the design and evaluation of interactive
computer systems. However, when designing pervasive
computing applications for home health care, the traditional
lab seems insufficient, because it cannot take into
account the close cooperation over distance between health
professionals and the patient. In this paper we present
the approach taken at the Centre for Pervasive Healthcare,
where two labs located opposite each other provide the opportunity
to simulate ’both ends of the line’ in tele-medicine
applications. |
CfPC-2004-PB-57
|
Socio-Technical Experiments - a New Approach on the
Design Process |
|
Author
|
Thomas Riisgaard Hansen |
| Summary |
The design of pervasive interactive systems is an increasingly
complex task. If interactive systems are going to be a pervasive part
of our everyday lives it is important to bring the technical and the
social together in the design process. Doing socio-technical experiments
is a suggested method to achieve this.
The notion of socio-technical network will be used to identity
three design challenges directed at integrating the technical and the
social in the design process. The sociotechnical
challenge, the multidisciplinary challenge and the
translating challenge. These challenges will be discussed
and socio-technical experiments will be presented as an
approach that addresses these challenge. |
CfPC-2003-PB-56
|
An Initial Comparison between Aura and Activity-Based
Computing |
|
Author
|
Henrik Bærbak Christensen and Jakob E. Bardram |
| Summary |
In this report we outline an initial comparison between
the Aura project’s architectural framework for task level computing, researched and developed at
Carnegie Mellon University, and the Activity-Based Computing Infrastructure,
researched and developed at Center for Pervasive Computing, University of Aarhus. |
CfPC-2003-PB-55
|
Using Software Architectures for Designing Distributed
Embedded Systems |
|
Author
|
Henrik Bærbak Christensen |
| Summary |
In this paper, we outline an on-going project of designing
distributed embedded systems for closed-loop process
control. The project is a joint effort between software architecture
researchers and developers from two companies
that produce commercial embedded process control systems. The project
has a strong emphasis on software architectural issues and terminology
in order to envision, design
and analyze design alternatives. We present two results.
First, we outline how focusing on software architecture, architectural
issues and qualities are beneficial in designing distributed, embedded,
systems. Second, we present
two different architectures for closed-loop process control
and discuss benefits and reliabilities. |
CfPC-2003-PB-54
|
An Architectural Style for Closed-loop Process-Control |
|
Author
|
Henrik Bærbak Christensen and Ole Eriksen |
| Summary |
This report describes an architectural style for distributed
closed-loop process control systems with high performance and hard real-time constraints. The
style strikes a good balance between the architectural qualities of performance
and modifiability/maintainability that traditionally are often in conflict. |
CfPC-2003-PB-53
|
A Programming Language Approach to
Safety in Home Networks |
|
Author
|
Kjeld H. Mortensen, Kari S. F. Schougaard, Ulrik P. Schultz |
| Summary |
Home networks and the interconnection of home appliances
is a classical theme in pervasive computing research. Security is
usually addressed through the use of encryption and authentication,
but there is a lack of awareness of safety: reventing the computerized
house from harming the inhabitants, even in a worst-case scenario
where an unauthorized user gains remote control of the facilities.
We address this safety issue at the programming language level by
restricting the operations that can be performed on devices according
to the physical location of the user initiating the request. Operations that
pose a potential safety hazard can only be performed within a physical
proximity that ensures the safety of the operation. We define a conceptual
model based on capabilities that define the origin of an action, and
use a declarative approach integrated with an IDL language to express
location-based restrictions on operations. This model has been implemented
in a middleware for home AV devices written in Java, using infrared communication and a FireWire network to implement location awareness. |
CfPC-2003-PB-52
|
Mobility in Healthcare - Reporting on our initial Observations
and Pilot Study |
|
Author
|
Jakob Bardram, Thomas Kjær and Christina Nielsen |
| Summary |
This document addresses mobility in healthcare and its consequences for
the design of Electronic Patient Records (EPR), and presents a
technical architecture and first prototype for mobile access to an
EPR.
The document describes our work in the Pervasive Healthcare project
with Aalborg Hospital and IBM. It documents our initial field studies
at department T, our observation of their use of the IBM Electronic
Patient Record (IPR), and discusses some of the limitations of the
current implementation and use of this classic client-server computer
system. This is used as a stepping stone to describe and discuss our
initial version of a prototype aiming at supporting mobility in
healthcare. This prototype has been used at the department over 4
month period in a pilot study and we present an evaluation of its use.
The audience of this document - as it is now - is people interested in
our studies at typical mid-size Danish hospital and its use of EPR
as well as people interested in designing and implementing mobile EPR
solutions. |
CfPC-2003-PB-51
|
Moving to get aHead: Local Mobility and Collaborative
Work. In proceedings of ECSCW 2003 |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram and Claus Bossen |
| Summary |
Local mobility is a central aspect of collaborative work that is in need
of close analysis. Between the face-to-face interaction of offices or control
rooms and long-distance interaction facilitated through e.g. telephones,
e-mail, the www or teleconfer-ences lie a number of work-settings in which
actors move about continuously in order to accomplish their work. They
do so because they need to get access to knowledge, re-sources, persons
and/or places. We analyze the integral nature of mobility to this kind
of work practice from the ethnographic description of a hospital department,
and the chal-lenges that actors have to face to accomplish their work.
Based on this ethnographic case, we propose a set of concepts for understanding
local mobility as an intermediate field of distributed cooperation between
centres of coordination and remote collaboration. Finally, we introduce
the concept of ‘mobility work’ as complementary to the concept
of ‘articulation work’. |
CfPC-2003-PB-50
|
The Trouble with Login - User Authentication and Medical
Cooperation |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram |
| Summary |
Logging in by typing usernames and passwords is so fundamental to all
computer systems that it has not received much attention. This paper reports
from field studies of clinicians using an Electronic Patient Record and
describes severe usability problems associated with its login procedures.
We argue that such problems arise because login procedures designed for
an office environment are transferred to a hospital environment without
modification. The conventional login procedures do not in any sense recognize
the nature of medical work as being nomadic, interrupted, and cooperative
around sharing common material. The consequence is that login is circumvented
and security is jeopardized. One of the core challenges in conventional
user authentication mechanismsis their individual nature, which coresponds
poorly with the cooperative nature of medical work. The paper describes
the design of new user authentication mechanisms used in a pervasive computing
infrastructure designed for hospitals. |
CfPC-2003-PB-49
|
Artists in the Virtual Studio. In Madsen, K.H. (ed):
Production Methods: Behind the Scenes of Virtual Inhabited 3D Worlds |
|
Author
|
Lervig, M. & Madsen, KH. |
| Summary |
This chapter explores the work of three artists in the virtual studio,
which is a video technology that makes it possible to combine videos of
physical objects with video images generated in real time from digital
3D models. The theme thus becomes that of digital art, but where most research
in this area is focussed on the works of art, the focus here is on the
creative process involved in making the works.The chapter is based on three
cases where artists work with a project group whose participants’ professional
background is in architecture and digital 3D scenography. Based on the
work with the three productions, we identify aspects of significance for
the work process that takes place when this type of artistic activity is
carried out in a virtual studio. These aspects are identified with the
aim of gaining insight into, and a better understanding of the process,
including reflections on how such processes can be planned. |
CfPC-2003-PB-48
|
Dramaturgies as used in building multimedia products:
devising and analysing. In Production Methods: Behind the Scenes of Virtual
Inhabited 3D Worlds |
|
Author
|
Kjølner, T. & Szatkowski, J. |
| Summary |
In this chapter, competencies from the theatre are revisited and considered
as concrete working tools in devising processes that investigate the use
of new technologies. Supported by central pragmatic concepts, we reflect
on how our planning of such processes intends to be able to frame each
step with a double perspective. The example used is the production of Manpower,
a multimedia performance/exhibition that consisted of ten moveable projection
screens, three performers, and some interaction with a small audience.
We look at the production of artistic material, at building a fulfilling
rapport with the audience, at devising dramaturgies and at compositional
strategies. A concluding section discusses the importance of teambuilding
in multimedia productions. |
CfPC-2003-PB-47
|
Developing new skills for live 3D animation. In In Production
Methods: Behind the Scenes of Virtual Inhabited 3D Worlds |
|
Author
|
Callesen, J. |
| Summary |
Performance animation is a new art form made possible through Motion
Capture techniques and real-time 3D animation. The family factory was an
interdisciplinary theatre production merging skills central to performance
animation: puppet theatre, animation and programming. In this chapter,
the collaborative artistic process behind the family factory is analysed
as a case, focusing on the application and integration of the skills that
the various participants represent.This is followed by a discussion of
a production method for performance animation, drawing on a variety of
more established collaborative production methods: traditional systems
development, games development, film production as a collaborative process,
experimental theatre production, animation production and music video production. |
CfPC-2003-PB-46
|
Supporting Human Activities— Exploring Activity-Centered
Computing. In proceedings of UbiComp2002 |
|
Author
|
Henrik Bærbak Christensen and Jakob E. Bardram |
| Summary |
In this paper we explore an activity-centered computing paradigm that
is aimed at supporting work processes that are radically different from
the ones known from office work. Our main inspiration is healthcare work
that is characterized by an extreme degree of mobility, many interruptions,
ad-hoc collaboration based on shared material, and organized in terms of
well-defined, recurring, work activities.We propose that this kind of work
can be supported by a pervasive computing infrastructure together with
domain-specific services, both designed from a perspective where work activities
are first class objects. We also present an exploratory prototype design
and first implementation and present some initial results from evaluations
in a healthcare environment. |
CfPC-2003-PB-45
|
From music to 3D Scenography and Back Again. In Production
Methods: Behind the Scenes
of Virtual Inhabited 3D Worlds |
|
Author
|
Lervig, M. |
| Summary |
The production of PERSONA 3D, a work aiming to produce aesthetic material
for a live performance, included several digital technologies such as video,
3D modelling, virtual scenography, motion capture and music. A singer was
motion captured as well as videotaped, and these data were used along with
the auditive data in order to combine the extracts and use them in a live
performance. This chapter demonstrates the implementation of process-analytical
tools, as described by Donald Schön in The Reflective Practitioner,
during an artistic process in the field of digital multimedia art. The
analysis is particularly interested in how a single individual artist deals
with situations where his knowledge is limited – and tries with this
focus to uncover strategies for approaching new technology. |
CfPC-2003-PB-44
|
Conceptual Abstraction in Modeling with Physical and
Informational Material. In L.Qvortrup et al.: Virtual Application: Applications
With Virtual Inhabited 3D Worlds |
|
Author
|
D.C-M.May, B.B.Kristensen, P.Nowack |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2002-PB-43
|
Promises, Premises and Risks: Sharing Responsibilities,
Working Up Trust and Sustaining Commitment in Participatory Design Projects.
In Proceedings of the Participatory Design Conference (PDC 2002) |
|
Author
|
Büscher, M., Hartswood, M., Mogensen, P., Procter, R., Shapiro,
D., Slack, R., & Voß, A. |
| Summary |
While participatory design crosses the boundaries between technology
production and use, it does not erase them. In accounts of participatory
projects, the work of negotiating and changing these boundaries often recedes
into the background, yet it is crucial in shaping the very nature and scope
of what is achievable. In this paper, we report on our various experiences
of ‘boundary crossing’ in four very different participatory
design contexts. We argue that in each setting a key task consists of enlisting
the effort, imagination, trust and commitment of users, and the sharing
of risks and responsibilities. We compare and discuss the different strategies,
methods we have devised to achieve this within the local politics of each
setting. |
CfPC-2002-PB-42
|
Towards Geo-Spatial Hypermedia: Concepts and Prototype
Implementation
In Proceedings of the HyperText 2002 |
|
Author
|
Grønbæk, K., Vestergaard, P. P., & Ørbæk,
P. |
| Summary |
This paper combines spatial hypermedia with techniques from Geographical
Information Systems and location based services. We describe the Topos
3D Spatial Hypermedia system and how it has been developed to support geo-spatial
hypermedia coupling hypermedia information to model representations of
real world buildings and landscapes. The prototype experiments are primarily
aimed at supporting architects and landscape architects in their work on
site. Here it is useful to be able to superimpose and add different layers
of information to, e.g. a landscape depending on the task being worked
on. We introduce a number of central concepts to understand the relation
between hypermedia and spatial information management. The distinction
between metaphorical (and abstract) versus literal (and concrete) spaces
is introduced together with a workspace composition semantics and a distinction
between direct and indirect navigation. Finally, we conclude with a number
of research issues which are central to the future development of geo-spatial
hypermedia, including design issues in combining metaphorical and literal
hypermedia space, as well as a discussion of the role of spatial parsing
in a geo-spatial context. |
CfPC-2002-PB-41
|
Issues in Implementing Distributed Object
Systems |
|
Author
|
Henrik Bærbak Christensen |
| Summary |
This paper presents a checklist of issues that must be considered when
one attempts at implementing a distributed object system based upon
remote method invocation. The check-list is in its early stage and
does not attempt at being complete. Also the check-list only
summerises issues but does not provide any solutions. |
CfPC-2002-PB-40
|
Distributed Object Systems
A Terminology Document |
|
Author
|
Henrik Bærbak Christensen |
| Summary |
Middleware technologies for supporting distributed object oriented programming
are widespread. Many of these employ variations over the same core
technology but often use different terminology. The purpose of this report
is
to provide a common terminology that describes key abstractions. Our focus
is embedded systems, and the presentation owes much to the fact that our
underlying bus system is the CAN-bus. |
CfPC-2002-PB-39
|
Virtual Video Prototyping of Pervasive Healthcare Systems.
The proceedings of DIS . In proceedings of DIS 2002 |
|
Author
|
Bardram, J., Bossen C., Lykke-Olesen, A., Madsen, K.H. & Nielsen,
R. |
| Summary |
Virtual studio technology enables the mixing of physical and digital
3D objects and thus expands the way of representing design ideas in terms
of virtual video prototypes, which offers new possibilities for designers
by combining elements of prototypes, mock-ups, scenarios, and conventional
video. In this article we report our initial experience in the domain of
pervasive healthcare with producing virtual video prototypes and using
them in a design workshop. Our experience has been predominantly favourable.
The production of a virtual video prototype forces the designers to decide
very concrete design issues, since one cannot avoid paying attention to
the physical, real-world constrains and to details in the usage-interaction
between users and technology. From the users’ perspective, during
our evaluation of the virtual video prototype, we experienced how it enabled
users to relate to the practicalities and context of applied technology.
One of the main limitations experienced in the creation of the virtual
video prototypes is the lack of user-involvement. |
CfPC-2002-PB-38
|
Supporting Mobility and Collaboration in Ubiquitous
Computing |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram |
| Summary |
For unknown reasons, research into ubiquitous computing seems to
pay no attention to collaboration among users in such an environment. This
paper presents the design philosophy of activity-based computing (abc)
and a
technical implementation of it in a ubiquitous computing infrastructure,
the
ABC framework, which takes collaboration in ubiquitous environments as
its
starting point. The idea of activity-based computing and the aim of the
framework is to: (i) support the human activity by managing its collection
of work tasks on a computer, (ii) to support mobility by porting activities
across heterogeneous computing environments, (iii) to support asynchronous
collaboration by allowing several people to participate in an activity,
and
(iv) to support synchronous, real-time collaboration by enabling 'desktop
conferring' by sharing the activity across several clients. During a period
of two years, our framework have been co-designed and evaluated in
cooperation with a range of clinicians in a hospital. |
CfPC-2002-PB-37
|
Executable Use Cases for Pervasive Healthcare |
|
Author
|
Jens Bæk Jørgensen and Claus Bossen |
| Summary |
Using a pervasive healthcare system as example, a new approach to
specification of user requirements for pervasive IT systems is presented.
A formal modelling language, Coloured Petri Nets, is applied to describe
what we call Executable Use Cases, EUCs. EUCs are precise, detailed,
and executable descriptions of future work processes and their computer
support. In particular, EUCs allow user requirements specifications to
take the frequently changing context of the users, e.g. their location
and
equipment in possession, into account. |
CfPC-2002-PB-36
|
Coloured Petri Nets in UML-Based Software Development– Designing Middleware for Pervasive Healthcare |
|
Author
|
Jens Bæk Jørgensen |
| Summary |
Nowadays, the Unified Modeling Language, UML, is almost univer-sally
accepted by the software industry as the modelling language. How-ever,
the language has severe shortcomings. While UML is well suited to
model the static aspects of software systems, the language as it is
currently
standardised strongly needs improvements with respect to modelling
be-haviour.
Thus, for development of software components with complex
behaviours, UML often cannot stand alone. The main contribution of
this paper is to position and discuss promotion of Coloured Petri Nets,
or
more generally high-level Petri nets, as a supplement in UML-based software
development. We make the case on a specific example, development
of middleware to support what is termed pervasive healthcare, but the
observations hold in general for many systems with complex behaviours. |
CfPC-2002-PB-35
|
Executable Design Models for a Pervasive Healthcare Middleware System |
|
Author
|
Jens Bæk Jørgensen and Søren Christensen |
| Summary |
UML is applied in the design of a pervasive healthcare mid-
dleware system for the hospitals in Aarhus County, Denmark. It works
well for the modelling of static aspects of the system, but with respect
to describing the behaviour, UML is not sufficient. This paper explains
why and, as a remedy, suggests to supplement the UML models with
behaviour descriptions in the modelling language Coloured Petri Nets,
CPN. CPN models are executable and fine-grained, and a combined use
of UML and CPN thus supports design-time investigation of the detailed
behaviour of system components. In this way, the behavioural conse-
quences of alternative design proposals may be evaluated and compared,
based on models and prior to implementation. |
CfPC-2002-PB-34
|
Modelling of Features and Feature Interactions in
Nokia Mobile hones
Using Coloured Petri Nets |
|
Author
|
Louise Lorentsen, Antti-Pekka Tuovinen, and Jianli Xu |
| Summary |
This paper reports on the main results from an industrial co-
operation project. The project is a joint project between Nokia Research
Centre and the CPN group at the University of Aarhus.The purpose of
the project was to investigate features and feature interactions in devel-
opment of Nokia mobile phones through construction of a Coloured Petri
Nets (CPN)model.The model is extended with domain-specific graphics and
Message Sequence Charts to enable mobile phone user interface
designers and software developers who are not familiar with Petri Nets
to work with the model.The paper presents the CPN model constructed
in the project,describes how domain-specific graphics and Message e-
quence Charts are used in simulations of the CPN model,and discusses
how the project and in particular the construction of the CPN model has
influenced the development process of features in Nokia mobile phones. |
CfPC-2002-PB-33
|
Three-Dimensional reconstruction from MRI for Preoperative
Planning in Congenital Heart Disease. Proceedings of the Society for Medical
Innovation and Technology SMIT |
|
Author
|
Sørensen, T. S.; S. V. Therkildsen, O. K. Hansen, K. Sørensen,
E. M. Pedersen |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2002-PB-32
|
Pervasive Computing: Mapping TangO Model onto Jini
Technology. Proceedings of the 6th World Multiconference on Systemics,
Cybernetics and Informatics |
|
Author
|
K.Hallenborg, B.B.Kristensen |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2002-PB-31
|
Tangible Objects—Connecting Informational and
Physical Space |
|
Author
|
P.B.Andersen, P.Nowack |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2002-PB-30
|
Designing Pervasive, Habitat Adaptable Software Applications.
MSc Project |
|
Author
|
C.Gersbo-Møller |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2002-PB-29
|
Applying Multi Agent System Methodologies to a Production
System Application. MSc Project |
|
Author
|
L.K.Jensen |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2002-PB-28
|
Positionsbestemmelse i trådløse netværk.
BSc Project |
|
Author
|
S.Aa.Jørgensen |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2002-PB-27
|
Two-phase active contour method for semiautomatic segmentation
of the heart and blood
vessels from MRI images for 3D visualization |
|
Author
|
Makowski, P.; T. S. Sørensen, S. V. Therkildsen, P. Materka, H.
Stødkilde-Jørgensen
and E. M. Pedersen |
| Summary |
The paper presents an active-contour segmentation method for 2D structures
in MR images. The method combines two approaches to active contour segmentation,
known as balloons and snakes. This makes the method shape independent and
accurate. New anti-tangling features were introduced to improve segmentation
of very complex object shapes, e.g. the left ventricle with papillary muscles.
The method was applied to segment all large structures in the cardiovascular
system and its outcome was used for 3D visualization. |
CfPC-2002-PB-26
|
Total cavo-pulmonary connection: a virtual 3-dimensional
fly-through. Circulation |
|
Author
|
Sørensen, T. S. ; S. V. Therkildsen, O. K. Hansen, K. Sørensen,
E. M. Pedersen |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2002-PB-25
|
IR kommunikation mellem RCX og VISOR. BSc Project |
|
Author
|
J.Lorenzen |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2002-PB-24
|
Positionsbestemmelse og bevægelse med RCX og Visor.
BSc Project |
|
Author
|
J.G.Hermansen |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2002-PB-23
|
Analyse og udvikling af en LegoBot til simulering af
et industrielt system. BSc Project |
|
Author
|
B.Jensen |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2001-PB-22
|
Finding Hyper-Structure in Space: Spatial Parsing in
3D |
|
Author
|
Nielsen, M. B., & Ørbæk, P. |
| Summary |
Spatial parsers augment spatial hypermedia systems by letting the computer
perceive the informal – but visually apparent – groupings formed
by humans working with a spatial hypermedia tool. A number of research
systems implementing 2D spatial parsing have been described in recent years.
This paper extends spatial parsing to 3D and describes an implementation
of a tailorable 3D spatial parser for the Topos system: a 3D information
organization tool for use on desktops, interactive whiteboards and tables.
The parser maintains a proximity graph of the heterogeneous 3D objects
and applies structure experts and global repression and reinforcement techniques
to this graph to find structures. A number of issues pertaining to 3D parsing
as opposed to 2D parsing are discussed. The paper also presents a simple
and efficient 2D parser for 3D scenes and compares it to the true 3D parser. |
CfPC-2001-PB-21
|
Interaction Techniques for Spatial Organization of Digital
and Physical materials - the Topos Approach |
|
Author
|
Ørbæk, P., Mogensen, P, and Grønbæk, K |
| Summary |
We are working in the domain of interactive workspaces supporting distributed
organisation of and collaboration on diverse digital and physical materials.
For this purpose we have developed a spatial computing infrastructure called
Topos. Topos is instantiated in a a variety of prototypes providing a 3D
environment supporting handling, relating, sharing, and arranging of diverse
materials (drawings, pictures, 3D models, spreadsheets, etc.). |
CfPC-2001-PB-20
|
Vision on the move - technologies for the footloose |
|
Author
|
Büscher, M., Krogh, P., Mogensen, P., & Shapiro, D. |
| Summary |
Jobs don't always get done in the office. Getting up to speed in a taxi
is not unusual for many professionals. They are nomads even though their
work is highly information intensive, requiring people to carry their work
materials around with them. Creative work, central to many professions
in aesthetic design and architecture is a particular case in point. Close
observation of the how, why and where of creative work can be an inspirational
resource for a different group of designers - those concerned with the
design of future technologies. Drawing on an ethnographic study of landscape
architects we - an interdisciplinary team of work analysts, practitioners,
and system designers - present a scenario of how creative work on the move
might be supported. |
CfPC-2001-PB-19
|
Spaces of Practice
In W. Prinz et al. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Seventh European Conference
on Computer Supported Cooperative Work |
|
Author
|
Monika Büscher, Preben Mogensen and Dan Shapiro |
| Summary |
This paper compares the properties of physical and digital workspaces
in the context of a prototype of a collaborative virtual environment. that
has been developed with reference to work in design professions and concentrates
on the organisation of work materials. Spatial properties are analysed
in terms of the sociality of workspace use. Digital spaces can be engineered
to mimic or to transcend various constraints and affordances of physical
workspaces, and they can be given parallel, folded and tunnelled properties.
We examine the consequences these have for the readiness-to-hand, intelligibility,
and accountability of the resulting workspaces. We address means of interacting
with these extended environments. Using case study scenarios, we demonstrate
how ethnographic analysis and participatory design have informed the architecture,
features and development of the system. |
CfPC-2001-PB-18
|
Spatial Parsing within the Topos 3D Environment
Position Paper of the First Workshop on Spatial Hypermedia 2001 |
|
Author
|
Nielsen, M. B., & Ørbæk, P. |
| Summary |
Spatial parsers augment spatial hypermedia systems by letting the computer
perceive the informal – but visually apparent – groupings formed
by humans working with a spatial hypermedia tool. A number of research
systems implementing 2D spatial parsing have been described in recent years.
This position paper describes an implementation of a tailorable 3D spatial
parser for the Topos system: a 3D information organization tool for use
on desktops, interactive whiteboards and tables. A number of issues pertaining
to 3D parsing as opposed to 2D parsing are discussed. |
CfPC-2001-PB-17
|
The interactive design collaboratorium
In M. Hirose (Ed.), Proceedings of the Interact '01 |
|
Author
|
Susanne Bødker, Peter Krogh, Marianne Graves Petersen |
| Summary |
Abstract This paper reports on an experimental process in which a prototype
was developed of an interactive design collaboratorium, in cooperation
with a group of usability designers. In a longterm research cooperation,
this usability group has changed its work practice in order to work in
the design collaboratorium. The design collaboratorium was developed to
move usability design away from a lab towards an open physical and organizational
space where designers, users and engineers meet and collaborate, or work
alongside each other. The cooperation between researchers and the usability
group has resulted in practical experimentation in projects and in design
of an experimental design collaboratorium employing electronic whiteboards,
3D design documentation, etc. This experimental prototype has been evaluated
in cooperative workshops. We report on the results of this evaluation. |
CfPC-2001-PB-16
|
Interactive Room Support for Complex and Distributed
Design Projects
In M. Hirose (Ed.), Proceedings of the Interact '01 |
|
Author
|
Kaj Grønbæk, Kristian Gundersen, Preben Mogensen, Peter Ørbæk |
| Summary |
We are investigating the design of digital 3D interaction technology
embedded in a physical environment. We take as point of departure complex,
collaborative industrial design projects involving heterogeneous sets of
documents, and physical as well as digital 3D models. The paper introduces
our notion of interactive room technology supporting industrial design
and describes two examples of this technology: the Designers' Workbench
and the 3D Whiteboard, both integrated in a common distributed and collaborative
infrastructure. The paper also describes a number of new easy-to-grab and
lightweight interaction devices being experimented with in the interactive
room environment. The interactive room technologies have all been designed
with the requirement that they must seamlessly integrate both into the
physical and into the digital work environment, while providing new affordances
for industrial design work. |
CfPC-2001-PB-15
|
Intelligent Buildings and pervasive computing - research
perspectives and discussions |
|
Author
|
Kaj Grønbæk, Peter Krogh & Morten Kyng |
| Summary |
Intelligent Buildings have been the subject of research and commercial
interest for more than two decades. The different perspectives range from
monitoring and controlling energy consumption over interactive rooms supporting
work in offices and leisure in the home, to buildings providing information
to by-passers in plazas and urban environments. This paper puts forward
the hypothesis that the coming decade will witness a dramatic increase
in both quality and quantity of intelligent buildings due to the emerging
field of pervasive computing: the next generation computing environments
where computers are everywhere, for everyone, at all times. Where IT becomes
a still more integrated part of our environments with processors, sensors,
and actuators connected via high-speed networks and combined with new visualization
devices ranging from projections directly in the eye to large panorama
displays. This paper provides an overview of the field and discusses some
central future research perspectives. |
CfPC-2001-PB-14
|
Roomware and Intelligent Buildings - obejcts and buildings
become computer interfaces. |
|
Author
|
Peter Krogh & Kaj Grønbæk |
| Summary |
Information Technology until recent years mainly have been driven by
technological possibilities based on research methods developed within
engineering and natural science. The capacity and the ever-decreasing size
of IT enable penetration into almost any object. IT can no longer be regarded
as an isolated technological possibility; through networks and telecommunication
it has become an integrated part of our everyday life. We illustrate this
perspective with a point of departure in supporting work practices for
Designers and Architects by examples from our interactive room laboratory,
the iRoom. IT alters the ways we connect both cultural and social. On the
basis of this aestheticresearch perspectives have become essential in the
further development of IT research regarding the environmental impact and
cultural changes imposed by the use of IT. Furthermore IT has the potential
to alter the premises for design and architecture in more general terms.
This paper will discus ways and premises for enabling a common basis of
both scientific and aesthetic research in this domain and ways of including
architectural and artistic approaches to integration of IT in living and
work environments. |
CfPC-2001-PB-13
|
Middleware for Pervasive Healthcare |
|
Author
|
Jakob E. Bardram and Henrik Bærbak Christensen |
| Summary |
This white paper describes work-in-progress at the Center for Pervasive
Computing (CfPC) at University of Aarhus. We describe our pervasive
healthcare project, which is a collaboration between hospitals in
the county of Aarhus, a Danish software company developing an electronic
patient record solution, and CfPC. The aim of the paper is to present
and discuss a vision of a middleware architecture for pervasive computing
within clinical work settings. Our
research is grounded in careful observations of clinical work
within a hospital and we start by outlining recurring
scenarios in the daily life of healthcare staff and sketch how
pervasive middleware technologies may provide a strong
foundation for pervasive and mobile solutions in this
setting. |
CfPC-2001-PB-12
|
Interactive Room Support for Complex and Distributed
Design Projects. To appear in proceedings of Interact |
|
Author
|
Grønbæk, K., Gundersen, K.K., Mogensen, P., and Ørbæk,
P. |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2001-PB-11
|
Pervasive Computing. BSc Project |
|
Author
|
S. H. Bøggild, S. E. Jensen |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2001-PB-10
|
A new virtual reality approach for planning of cardiac
interventions |
|
Author
|
Sørensen, T. S.; S. V. Therkildsen, P. Makowski, J. L. Knudsen
and E. M. Pedersen |
| Summary |
A novel approach to three-dimensional (3D) visualization of high quality,
respiratory compensated cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) data is presented
with the purpose of assisting the cardiovascular surgeon and the invasive
cardiologist in the pre-operative planning. Developments included: (1)
optimization of 3D, MR scan protocols; (2) dedicated segmentation software;
(3) optimization of model generation algorithms; (4) interactive, virtual
reality visualization. The approach is based on a tool for interactive,
real-time visualization of 3D cardiac MR datasets in the form of 3D heart
models displayed on virtual reality equipment. This allows the cardiac
surgeon and the cardiologist to examine the model as if they were actually
holding it in their hands. To secure relevant examination of all details
related to cardiac morphology, the model can be re-scaled and the viewpoint
can be set to any point inside the heart. Finally, the original, raw MR
images can be examined on line as textures in cut-planes through the heart
models. |
CfPC-2001-PB-9
|
Use of theatre as Models: Discussing Computers as Theatre
- Some Additional Perspectives. In Qvortrup, L. (ed): Virtual Interaction:
Interaction in Virtual Inhabited
3D Worlds |
|
Author
|
Kjølner, T. & Lehmann, N. |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2001-PB-8
|
Tangible Objects: Modeling In Style. Proceedings of the
Second
International Conference on Generative Systems in the Electronic Arts |
| Authors
|
D.C-M.May, B.B.Kristensen, P.Nowack |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2000-PB-7
|
From usability lab to "design collaboratorium":
Reframing usability practice. DIS 2000, Conference proceedings on Designing
interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, and techniques |
|
Author
|
Buur, J., Bødker, S. |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2000-PB-6
|
Creativity, Complexity, and Precision: Information Visualization
for (Landscape) Architecture. Accepted for Visualisation 2000 |
|
Author
|
Büscher, M., Christensen, M., Mogensen, P., Shapiro, D., Ørbæk,
P. |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2000-PB-5
|
Collaborative Augmented Reality Environments: Integrating
VR, Working Materials, and Distributed Work Spaces. In Proceedings of the
Collaborative Virtual Environments |
|
Author
|
Büscher, M., Christensen, M., Grønbæk, K., Krogh, P.,
Mogensen, P., Shapiro, D., Ørbæk, P. |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2000-PB-4
|
Hypermedia in the Virtual Project Room. - Toward Open
3D Spatial Hypermedia. In Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference on Hypertext
and Hypermedia |
|
Author
|
Mogensen, P., Grønbæk, K. |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2000-PB-3
|
A Real-Time Software Video Codec based on Wavelets. In
Proceedings of International Conference on Communication Technology |
|
Author
|
Ørbæk, P. |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2000-PB-2
|
An Experimental System for Distributed Classroom Education.
In Proceedings of the TERENA Networking Conferenc |
|
Author
|
Ørbæk, P. |
| Summary |
|
CfPC-2001-PB-1
|
Theme One: Administration and Documentation of Medicine |
|
Author
|
Henrik Bærbak Christensen, Jakob Bardram, Søren Dittmer |
| Summary |
This report describes results from theme one in the Pervasive Computing
in health Care project. The project is a collaboration between ≈rhus
Amtssygehus (AAS), Systematic Software Engineering A/S (SSE), and Center
for Pervasive Computing, University of Aarhus (CfPC). The subject of theme
one is edication i.e. to provide mobile and pervasive computing support for
the activities of pouring, giving, and documenting medicine given to patients
by nurses. |
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Research Areas